Dry Season vs. Rainy Season Compared

Panama is one of those countries where you read: "Best time to visit: December to April." Full stop. But that only tells half the story. We've been there twice, once in December and January, once in September and October. Two completely different experiences. Both amazing in their own way.

This article summarizes what we experienced, what really sets the seasons apart, and why the rainy season might not be as bad as its reputation suggests.

Two Seasons, One Country

Panama has a tropical climate with two clearly defined seasons: the dry season from mid-December to mid-April, and the rainy season from May to December. Sounds simple. But it's not quite that straightforward.

The dry season is often called "summer," even though Panama sits so close to the equator that temperatures barely fluctuate throughout the year. Daytime highs typically range between 82 and 90°F (28 to 32°C), and Panama City can get even hotter. The real difference lies in the rain, or rather, its absence.

The rainy season, on the other hand, earns its name for a reason. But it also deserves its nickname: the "green season." Because during these months, the country transforms into a lush, vibrant paradise.

December and January: Our Dry Season Experience

When we arrived in December, the difference was immediately noticeable. Clear skies, lower humidity (at least by tropical standards), and not a single drop of rain. The Pacific coast showed itself at its best: brilliant blue water, perfect conditions for beach days and snorkeling.

The dry season is Panama's peak tourist season. That means more visitors, higher prices, and fully booked hotels, especially around Christmas and New Year's. If you want to travel during this time, book early.

What we particularly enjoyed: The hiking conditions were ideal. No muddy trails, no unpredictable downpours in the middle of a trek. The trails around Boquete in the Chiriquí Highlands were dry and easy to navigate.

The dry season is also the best time for snorkeling and diving because underwater visibility is at its best. The sea is calmer, the water clearer.

However, the dry season has its downsides too. The landscape can look somewhat parched, especially toward the end of the season in March and April. And accommodation prices can be double what you'd pay in the low season.

September and October: Deep in the Rainy Season

Our second trip fell in September and October. On paper, the "worst" months. In reality: a pleasant surprise.

Yes, it rains. But rain in Panama follows a predictable pattern. Mornings are usually sunny and clear, perfect for excursions and activities. The rain typically arrives in the late afternoon or evening, often as a short, intense downpour that rarely lasts more than an hour or two. Then it clears up again.

We learned to plan our days accordingly: Get out early, hit the highlights in the morning, relax in the afternoon and watch the rain roll in. It worked beautifully.

What really impressed us: the landscape. Everything was green, lush, alive. The rainforests looked like something out of a picture book. Waterfalls were more spectacular than in the dry season. And the wildlife was more active.

Another advantage: We had many places almost to ourselves. The tourist crowds of high season were nowhere to be seen. Hotels were easy to book, often with last-minute discounts. And locals had more time for conversations.

Humpback Whales: A Rainy Season Highlight

What many people don't know: The rainy season is the best time for whale watching in Panama. And for us, this was a true highlight.

Between July and October, thousands of humpback whales migrate from Antarctica to Panama's warm waters to give birth and raise their calves. The Gulf of Chiriquí is one of the best places in the world to observe these gentle giants.

September is considered peak month, with success rates of up to 95 percent on whale watching tours. We were lucky enough to see several humpback whales up close, including mothers with their calves. An unforgettable experience.

By the way: Panama is one of only two places in the world where humpback whales from both hemispheres converge. From July to October, the whales come from the south. From January to March, smaller groups arrive from the north.

Bocas del Toro: The Exception to the Rule

An interesting detail that surprised us: Bocas del Toro on the Caribbean side follows a different weather pattern than the rest of the country.

While September and October are among the rainiest months on the Pacific side, they're actually relatively dry in Bocas del Toro. This is due to the different weather systems affecting the Caribbean and Pacific coasts.

So if you're traveling in the low season but still want good chances of dry weather, Bocas del Toro in September and October is a solid choice.

Which Season Is Right for You?

After our two trips, we'd say: There's no objectively "best" time to visit. It depends on what you're looking for.

The dry season (December to April) is ideal if you value guaranteed sunny days, want to do lots of hiking without muddy trails, are looking for the best snorkeling and diving conditions, or if budget matters less to you than weather.

The rainy season (May to November) is a better fit if you want to experience lush green landscapes, hope to see humpback whales (July to October), prefer fewer tourists and lower prices, or can live with afternoon rain showers.

What to Pack No Matter When You Go

Regardless of when you travel: A lightweight rain jacket belongs in your bag. Even in the dry season, occasional rain can occur, especially on the Caribbean side and in the highlands.

Also useful: a waterproof phone case, sunscreen (the sun is strong, even on cloudy days), mosquito repellent (especially in the rainy season), and comfortable hiking shoes that can handle getting wet.

Our Verdict

We're glad we experienced Panama in both seasons. The dry season gave us perfect conditions for outdoor activities and relaxed beach days. The rainy season surprised us with vibrant landscapes, unique wildlife encounters, and an atmosphere that felt less touristy.

If we had to choose again, we'd probably pick the rainy season. The morning sunshine, the green nature, and the tranquility simply won us over. Plus: the whales.

Panama works year-round. It just depends on what you make of it.